Lesson 35 Gerund

I.  Kosa Kata

No.	Kata	Dibaca	Artinya
1.	gerund	jerənd	bentuk kata kerja + ing
2.	wrong	rong	salah
3.	tiger	taɪɡə:	macan / harimau
4.	nervous	nə:vəs	gugup
5.	teeth	tiːθ	gigi (jamak dari tooth)
6.	important	ɪmpoːtənt	penting
7.	lung	lang	paru-paru
8.	cancer	kænsə:	kanker
9.	complement	kampliment	pelengkap
10.	duty	juːti	tugas, dinas, kewajiban
11.	pleasure	plejə:	kesenangan
12.	bed	bed	tempat tidur, ranjang, lapisan, dasar
13.	generosity	ʒenərasiti/	kedermawanan
14.	pride	praid	kebanggaan
15.	prohibition	prouibɪʃən	larangan
16.	lion	laiən	singa
17.	compound	kampaʊnd	majemuk, gabungan
18.	pool	pu:l	kolam, genangan, bilyar
19.	yard	ya:d	halaman, galangan
20.	office	ofis	kantor
21.	arrival	əraivəl	kedatangan, pendatang
22.	departure	dipɑːtʃə:	keberangkatan
23.	accounting	əkaʊntɪng	akuntansi
24.	info	infou	informasi
25.	sooner	su:nə:	lebih cepat
26.	suspect	səspekt	tersangka
27.	ambulance	æmbjʊləns	ambulan
28.	silly	sili	konyol
29.	liar	laɪə:	pendusta  / pembohong
30.	accustomed to	əkʌstəmt tu	terbiasa
31.	hiker	haikər	pejalan kaki (jarak jauh)
32.	strike	straik	mogok
33.	addicted	ədiktid	kecanduan
34.	anxious	ænkʃəs	cemas, resah
35.	bored	boːd	bosan / jemu
36.	capable	keipəbəl̩	mampu, cakap
37.	medal	medəl	medali
38.	committed to	kəmɪtid	sepakat / pegang teguh janji, penuh setia
39.	content	kəntent	puas
40.	place	pleis	tempat
41.	disappointed	disəpointid	kecewa
42.	interested in	intrəstid in	berminat
43.	frightened	fraitənd	takut
44.	involved	invalvd	terlibat / bersangkut paut, rumit
45.	proud	praud	bangga, sombong
46.	surfer	səːfər	peselancar
47.	terrified	terəfaid	sangat takut
48.	shark	ʃɑːk	Ikan hiu
49	banker	bængkər	bankir / pengelola bank
50	guilty	gilti	bersalah
51	disadvantage	disədvɑːntɪdj	kekurangan / kelemahan / kerugian
52	scenery	siːnəri	pemandangan, latar belakang
53	SMS	es em es	(short message service)  pesan pendek
54.	solution	səluːʃən	solusi / pemecahan (persoalan)
55.	contest	kantest	perlombaan / pertandingan
56.	experience	ikspɪəriəns	pengalaman
57.	product	prodakt	produk / barang dagangan, hasil perkalian
58.	belief	bili:f	keyakinan / kepercayaan
59.	animal	æniməl	binatang / hewan
60.	delay	dilei	penundaan
61.	visa	viːzə	visa
62.	devotion	divouʃən	pengabdian
63.	competition	kɒmpətiʃən	persaingan, perlombaan
64.	fondness	fɒndnəs	kesukaan
65.	industry	indəstri	industri
66.	love	lav	kasih / cinta
67.	memory	meməri	ingatan, kenangan, otak komputer
68.	forever	forevə	selamanya
69.	preference	prefərəns	preferensi,  keistimewaan, minat / pilihan
70.	natural	nætʃərəl	alamiah
71.	reaction	riækʃən	reaksi
72.	funny	fani	lucu
73.	reputation	repjʊteiʃən	reputasi
74.	well known	wel naun	tenar / terkenal
75.	responsibility	rispɒnsibiliti	tanggung jawab
76.	impressive	impresiv	mengesankan
77.	mural	mjʊərəl	lukisan dinding
78.	complicated	kɒmplikeitid	rumit
79.	homework	houmwəːk	pekerjaan rumah
80.	air-conditioned	eəkəndiʃənd	AC
81.	boss	bɑːs	bos
82.	somewhere	samweə:	sesuatu tempat
83.	exotic	iɡzɒtik	eksotis / memukau
84,	hotel	houtel	hotel
85.	tin	tin	kaleng
86.	at once	æt wans	segera
87.	one day	wan dei	pada suatu hari
88.	college	kɒlidj	perguruan tinggi
89.	aquarium	əkweəriəm	akuarium
90.	government	ɡavənmənt	pemerintah
91.	healthcare	helθkeə:	pengobatan
92.	earthquake	əːθkweɪk	gempa bumi
93.	paper	peipə	kertas, koran, soal ujian, karangan
94.	bomb	ba:m	bom, kegagalan
95.	smiling	smailing	tersenyum
96.	crime	kraim	kejahatan
97.	opposition	apəziʃən	oposisi, lawan / saingan, pertentangan
98.	statement	steitmənt	pernyataan, laporan
99.	lawyer	loiər	pengacara
100.	vacation	veikeiʃən	liburan
101	ski	ski	ski (permainan di tempat licin)
102.	landlord	lændlɔːd	tuan tanah, pengelola bar, pengurus penginapan
103.	rent	rent	biaya sewa, lubang besar (sobekan)
104.	stubborn	stabən	keras kepala
105.	paperclip	peipəklip	jepitan kertas
106.	depressed	diprest	stres

No.	Present Tense (sekarang)	Past Tense (lampau)	Past Participle (tuntas)	Meaning
107.	brush (braʃ)	brushed (braʃt)	brushed (braʃt)	menyikat
108.	loiter (loitə:)	loitered (loitə:d)	loitered (loitə:d)	berkeliaran
109.	spit (spit)	spat (spæt)	spat (spæt)	meludah
110.	rejoice (rijois)	rejoiced (rijoisd)	rejoiced (rijoisd)	bersuka
111.	warn (wo:n)	warned (wo:nd)	warned (wo:nd)	memperingatkan
112.	look forward (lu:k foːwəd)	looked forward (lu:kd foːwəd)	looked forward (lu:kd foːwəd)	berharap, menunggu-nunggu
113.	confess (kənfes)	confessed (kənfest)	confessed (kənfest)	mengakui
114.	insist (insist)	insisted (insistid)	insisted (insistid)	bersikeras, mendesak
115.	object (əbdjekt)	objected (əbdjektid)	objected (əbdjektid)	keberatan
116.	put off (put of)	put off (put of)	put off (put of)	menunda
117.	blame (bleim)	blamed (bleimd)	blamed (bleimd)	mempersalahkan
118.	dream (dri:m)	dreamed (dri:md)	dreamed (dri:md)	berangan-angan
119.	dye (dai)	dyed (daid)	dyed (daid)	sablon, ngecat (rambut)
120.	smuggle (smagəl)	smuggled (smagələd)	smuggled (smagələd)	menyelundup
121.	attack (ətæk)	attacked (ətækid)	attacked (ətækid)	menyerang
122.	win (win)	won (wan)	won (wan)	menang, menangkan
123.	build (bild)	built (bilt)	built (bilt)	membangun
124.	process (prəuses)	processed (prəusesd)	processed (prəusesd)	proses
125.	develop (diveləp)	developed (diveləpt)	developed (diveləpt)	berkembang, meningkat
126.	complete (kəmpliːt)	completed (kəmpliːtid)	completed (kəmpliːtid)	menyelesaikan, melengkapi
127.	detest (ditest)	detested (ditestid)	detested (ditestid)	sangat membenci
128.	loathe (loʊð)	loathed (loʊðəd)	loathed (loʊðəd)	membenci
129.	dread (dred)	dreaded (dredid)	dreaded (dredid)	takut sekali
130.	regret (rigret)	regretted (rigretid)	regretted (rigretid)	menyesal
131.	can’t stand (kant stænd)	couldn’t stand (kulənt stænd)	couldn’t stand (kulənt stænd)	tak tahan
132.	can’t bear (kant beə:)	couldn’t bear (kulənt beə:)	couldn’t bear (kulənt beə:)	tak tahan
133.	can’t help (kant help)	couldn’t help (kulənt help)	couldn’t help (kulənt help)	tak bisa mencegah / tak bisa menghindar
134.	forgive  (fəˈɡɪv)	forgave (fəɡeiv)	forgiven (fəɡɪvən)	memaafkan
135.	ring up (ring ap)	rang up (ræng ap)	rung up (rang ap)	menelpon
136.	miss (mis)	missed (misd)	missed (misd)	rindu, ketinggalan
137.	suggest (sədjest)	suggested (sədjestid)	suggested (sədjestid)	menyarankan
138.	propose (prəpouz)	proposed (prəpouzt)	proposed (prəpouzt)	mengajukan
139.	consider (kənsɪdə:)	considered (kənsɪdə:d)	considered (kənsɪdə:d)	mempertimbangkan
140.	postpone (poustpoun)	postponed (poustpount)	postponed (poustpount)	menunda
141.	avoid (əvoɪd)	avoided (əvoɪdid)	avoided (əvoɪdid)	menghindar
142.	advise (ədvaiz)	advised (ədvaizt)	advised (ədvaizt)	menasehati
143.	apply (əplai)	applied (əplaid)	applied (əplaid)	menerapkan
144.	risk (risk)	risked (riskid)	risked (riskid)	beresiko
145.	prevent (privent)	prevented (priventid)	prevented (priventid)	mencegah
146.	resist (rizist)	resisted (rizistid)	resisted (rizistid)	menolak, melawan
147.	mention (menʃən)	mentioned (menʃənt)	mentioned (menʃənt)	menyebutkan
148.	need (ni:d)	needed (ni:did)	needed (ni:did)	memerlukan
149.	urge (əːdj)	urged (əːdjd)	urged (əːdjd)	mendesak
150.	recycle (riːsaikəl)	recycled (riːsaikəld)	recycled (riːsaikəld)	mendaur ulang
153.	renovate (renəveit)	renovated (renəveitid)	renovated (renəveitid)	renovasi
154.	continue (kəntinjuː)	continued (kəntinjuːd)	continued (kəntinjuːd)	melanjutkan
155.	cease (siːs)	ceased (siːsd)	ceased (siːsd)	berhenti / menghentikan
156.	escape (iskeip)	escaped (iskeipt)	escaped (iskeipt)	melarikan diri
157.	resume (rizjuːm)	resumed (rizjuːmt)	resumed (rizjuːmt)	memulai lagi
158.	quit (kwɪt)	quit (kwɪt)	quit (kwɪt)	berhenti
159.	involve (invalv)	involved (invalvd)	involved (invalvd)	melibatkan
160.	recollect (rekəlekt)	recollected (rekəlektid)	recollected (rekəlektid)	teringat
161.	admit (ədmit)	admitted (ədmitid)	admitted (ədmitid)	mengakui
162.	commit (kəmɪt)	commited (kəmɪtid)	commited (kəmɪtid)	melakukan
163.	appreciate (əˈpriːʃieit)	appreciated (əˈpriːʃieitid)	appreciated (əˈpriːʃieitid)	menghargai, berterima kasih
164.	report (ripo:t)	reported (ripo:tid)	reported (ripo:tid)	melaporkan
165.	anticipate (æntisipeit)	anticipated (æntisipeitid)	anticipated (æntisipeitid)	antisipati, mengambil tindakan
166.	encourage (inkaridj)	encouraged (inkaridjid)	encouraged (inkaridjid)	mendorong, memberi semangat, memberanikan
167.	permit (pə:mɪt)	permitted (pə:mɪtid)	permitted (pə:mɪtid)	memberi izin
168.	neglect (niglekt)	neglected (niglektid)	neglected (niglektid)	mengabaikan
169.	defend (difend)	defended (difendid)	defended (difendid)	membela
170.	overhear (ouvhiə)	overheard (ouvhəd)	overheard (ouvhəd)	menguping
171.	convince (kənvins)	convinced (kənvinsd)	convinced (kənvinsd)	meyakinkan
172.	revise (rivaiz)	revised (rivaizd)	revised (rivaizd)	revisi
173.	damage (dæmidj)	damaged (dæmidjt)	damaged (dæmidjt)	merusak
174.	cheat (chi:t)	cheated (chi:tid)	cheated (chi:tid)	contek, jiplak, menipu, curang
175.	boast (boust)	boasted (boustid)	boasted (boustid)	membual
176.	acknowledge (əknɒlidj)	acknowledged (əknɒlidjt)	acknowledged (əknɒlidjt)	mengakui

II.  Grammar

What is gerund? Apa itu gerund?

The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but gerund is a noun formed from a verb + ing

Gerund tampak persis sama dengan present participle, tetapi gerund adalah kata benda yang dibentuk dari kata kerja + ing

The gerund as subject = Gerund sebagai pokok kalimat

Gerund dipakai sebagai pokok kalimat jika tindakan tersebut sesuai dengan pengertian umum

Eating people is wrong = makan orang adalah salah

Hunting tigers is dangerous = pemburuan macan adalah bahaya

Flying makes me nervous = terbang buatku gugup

Brushing your teeth is important = gosok gigimu adalah penting

Smoking causes lung cancer = merokok sebabkan kanker paru-paru

The gerund as the complement of the verb 'to be'

Gerund sebagai pelengkap kata kerja bantu

One of his duties is attending meetings.

Salah satu tugasnya adalah menghadiri pertemuan-pertemuan.

One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.

Salah satu kesenangan hidup adalah memiliki sarapan di tempat tidur

Generosity is giving more than you can, and pride is taking less than you need  Kedermawanan adalah memberikan lebih dari yang anda bisa, dan kebanggaan mengambil lebih sedikit dari yang anda butuhkan

The gerund is used for short prohibitions = no + verb + ing

Gerund digunakan untuk larangan singkat = no + kata kerja + ing

No smoking = tak boleh merokok

No loitering = tak boleh berkeliaran

No spitting   = tak boleh meludah

No parking  = tak boleh parkir

Jika perintah tidak boleh pakai gerund, misalnya:

Do not feed the lions = jangan memberi makan singa

The gerund in compound nouns

The gerund dalam kata benda majemuk

Compound noun menggunakan gerund benar-benar kata benda bukan kata kerja sedang berlangsung.

"swimming pool" it is a pool for swimming in, it is not a pool that is swimming. “kolam renang” adalah kolam untuk berenang bukan kolam yang berenang

I am giving Sally a driving lesson.

Aku memberikan Sally pelajaran mengemudi.

They have a swimming pool in their back yard.

Mereka memiliki kolam renang di halaman belakang mereka.

I bought some new running shoes

Saya membeli beberapa sepatu lari baru

The gerund as object = Gerund sebagai objek

Pattern I : preposition + gerund

Please have a drink before leaving

Tolong minum sebelum berangkat

I will call you after arriving at the office

Saya akan hubungi anda setelah tiba di kantor

Kalimat di atas bisa diganti dengan real noun = kata benda asli

Please have a drink before your departure.

I will call you after my arrival at the office

Pattern II : verb + preposition + gerund

Untuk preposition pasangan verb harus sesuai arti yang dimaksud. Ada yang artinya terpisah tergantung pasangannya, tetapi ada juga ungkapan / idiom. Lihat kembali pelajaran sebelumnya tentang Preposition bagian phrasal verb

Yanto doesn't care for accounting work.

Yanto tak suka pekerjaan akuntansi

They rejoiced at hearing the news.

Mereka bersukacita mendengar berita itu

We decided against buying a car

 Kami memutuskan lawan (tak setuju) pembelian mobil

They warn against giving out info

Mereka memperingatkan terhadap kebocoran informasi

I am looking forward to meeting you

Saya sedang berharap bertemu anda

She apologized for not introducing herself sooner.

Dia meminta maaf karena tidak memperkenalkan dirinya lebih cepat.

He is always boasting about having met the president

Dia selalu membual tentang telah bertemu presiden

The students complained about being made to wear a uniform to school

Para siswa mengeluh tentang disuruh pakai seragam ke sekolah

The suspect never confessed to killing his wife.

Tersangka tidak pernah mengaku membunuh istrinya.

Could you give up smoking? = Bisakah anda berhenti merokok?

Nick insisted on calling an ambulance.

Nick bersikeras memanggil ambulans.

We laughed about having to do such silly things.

Kami menertawai tentang harus melakukan hal-hal konyol seperti itu.

I objected to him calling me a liar

Ku keberatan terhadap dia panggilku pembohong

Do you put off going to the dentist?

Anda menunda pergi ke dokter gigi?

Do you ever think about getting married and having children?

Pernahkah anda pikir tentang menikah dan punya anak?

My sister is always talking about having her hair dyed

Saudara perempuanku selalu bicara tentang telah mengecat rambutnya

He was accused of smuggling = dia dituduh menyelundup

I was blamed for losing the game

Saya dipersalahkan karena kalah permainan

He dreams of playing football = dia berangan-angan main sepakbola

Pattern III : adjective + preposition + gerund

Peter is good at speaking English

Peter pandai dalam berbahasa Inggris

Do you agree with staying on strike?

Setujukah anda dengan tetap terus mogok?

She was accustomed to walking her dog in the park every morning.

Dia terbiasa menuntun jalan anjingnya di tamah setiap pagi

The hikers were worried about not having enough water

Para pejalan kaki khawatir tentang tidak memiliki cukup air

She's depressed about not passing the test.

Dia stres tentang tidak lulus ujian

Are you tired of studying? = anda lelah belajar?

He's tired from not getting enough sleep.

Dia lelah dari tidak mendapat cukup tidur

She is addicted to watching TV = Dia kecanduan nonton TV

She is afraid of speaking in public = dia takut bicara depan umum

Herman is anxious about making the presentation

Herman cemas tentang membuat presentasi

I am bored of doing the same old job

Saya bosan lakukan pekerjaan lama yang sama

He is capable of winning a gold medal

Dia mampu menangkan medali emas

She is committed to improving her English.

Dia sepakat meningkatkan bahasa Inggrisnya

Anton is content with winning second place.

Anton puas dengan memenangkan tempat kedua.

Fiona was disappointed with coming in third place.

Fiona kecewa dengan masuk di tempat ketiga

I am interested in visiting the museum.

Saya berminat untuk mengunjungi museum

She is frightened of being alone at night

Dia takut berada sendirian di malam hari

He was involved in making the movie

Dia terlibat dalam pembuatan film

He was proud of having completed the marathon

Dia bangga telah menyelesaikan maraton

The surfer is terrified of being attacked by a shark

Peselancar sangat takut diserang oleh ikan hiu

The banker was guilty of stealing money

Bankir bersalah karena mencuri uang

Pattern IV : noun + preposition + gerund

What is the advantage of farming over hunting?

Apa kelebihan / keuntungan dari pertanian terhadap berburu?

The disadvantage of flying is that you can't see the scenery along the way.

Kekurangan / kerugian tentang terbang adalah bahwa anda tidak dapat melihat pemandangan di sepanjang jalan.

He has difficulty in sending SMS

Dia kesulitan dalam mengirim SMS

This is a simple method of finding solutions.

Ini adalah metode sederhana untuk mencari solusi

There's a real reason for winning the contest.

Ada suatu alasan nyata untuk memenangkan perlombaan

He was in trouble for stealing = dia kesulitan karena mencuri

This is a new way of building a wall.

Ini adalah cara baru untuk membangun tembok

She has a great deal of experience in introducing new products to international markets

Dia punya pengalaman banyak untuk memperkenalkan produk baru ke pasar internasional

His belief in not harming animals was something he learned from his mother

Keyakinannya untuk tidak menyakiti hewan adalah sesuatu yang ia pelajari dari ibunya

The delay in processing the visa caused problems

Penundaan dalam memproses visa menyebabkan masalah

His devotion to biking allowed him to win the competition

Pengabdiannya pada bersepeda memungkinkan dia memenangkan perlombaan

Her fondness for traveling led to her career in the travel industry.

Kesukaannya untuk bepergian menyebabkan karirnya di industri perjalanan.

Her knowledge of climbing helped her during the competition

Pengetahuan tentang panjat membantunya selama kompetisi

His love of singing developed when he was a child.

Cintanya tentang nyanyi berkembang ketika dia masih anak-anak

Their memories of traveling in Africa will stay with them forever.

Kenangan mereka tentang bepergian di Afrika akan tetap bersama mereka selamanya.

I think his preference for speaking his native language is natural.

Saya rasa keistimewaannya untuk bicara bahasa aslinya adalah alamiah

His reaction to winning the prize was quite funny.

Reaksinya memenangkan hadiah cukup lucu

The main reason for taking the course is to improve your language skills.

Alasan utama untuk mengambil kursus adalah untuk meningkatkan keahlian bahasamu

Her reputation for lying is well known

Reputasinya untuk berbohong sangat terkenal

His responsibility for completing the project on time was acknowledged by the company

Tanggung jawabnya untuk menyelesaikan proyek tepat waktu diakui oleh perusahaan

His talent for learning languages was impressive

Bakatnya untuk belajar bahasa mengesankan

The process of painting such a large mural is more complicated than you might think

Proses tentang melukis seperti lukisan dinding besar lebih rumit daripada yang anda kira

Pattern V    : verb + gerund

Pattern VI  : verb + pronoun / possesive adjective + gerund

Pattern VII : verb + noun + gerund

Kata kerja setelah kata kerja di bawah ini harus dibuat gerund:

Yang berhubungan dengan emosi atau perasaan

He love playing football = dia suka sekali main sepakbola

Do you feel like going out? = anda rasa ingin keluar?

He dislikes doing homework = dia tak suka kerjakan PR

He detests writing letters = dia membenci tulis surat

I hate people smoking in the air-conditioned room

Saya benci orang merokok dalam ruang AC

I loathe having to make coffee for the boss                                                          

Saya sangat benci harus membuat kopi untuk bos

She dreads getting old = dia takut sekali jadi tua

I regret spending so much money

Aku menyesal menghabiskan begitu banyak uang

I can't stand not seeing you = saya tak tahan tak melihat anda

I can't help falling in love with you

Saya tak bisa mencegah / menghindar jatuh cinta dengan anda

He can't bear having so much responsibility

Dia tidak tahan memiliki begitu banyak tanggung jawab

He looked so funny that I couldn't help laughing

Dia kelihatan begitu lucu sehingga ku tak dapat tahan ketawa

Forgive me / my ringing you up so early

Maafkan saya menelpon anda begitu awal

Yang berhubungan dengan pilihan atau maksud

Melanie yearns travelling somewhere exotic

Melanie merindukan bepergian ke suatu tempat eksotis

She misses living near the beach

Dia merindukan tinggal di dekat pantai

We didn't want to miss going to the game.

Kita tidak mau ketinggalan akan permainan

They suggested staying at the hotel

Mereka menyarankan tinggal di hotel

She recommends buying the big tins

Dia menganjurkan beli yang kaleng besar

He proposed meeting in a restaurant

Dia mengusulkan pertemuan di sebuah restoran

She considered moving to Australia

Dia mempertimbangkan pindah ke Australia

He postponed returning to Jakarta =Dia menunda kembali ke Jakarta

He avoided talking to her = dia menghindar berbicara dengannya

He advised applying at once = dia menyarankan menerapkan segera

He imagines working there one day

Dia mengkhayal / membayangkan bekerja di sana suatu hari

The grass wants cutting = rumput mau pemotongan (dipotong)

He didn’t want to risk getting wet as he had only one suit

Dia tak mau beresiko basah karena ia hanya punya satu setelan

I can’t understand his leaving his wife

Saya tak bisa memahaminya meninggalkan istrinya

You can’t prevent his / him spending his own money

Anda tak bisa mencegah dia menghabiskan uangnya sendiri

He resisted asking for help = dia menolak minta pertolongan

He prefers sitting at the back of the movie theater

Dia lebih suka duduk di belakang gedung bioskop

He mentioned going to that college

Dia menyebutkan pergi ke perguruan tinggi itu

The aquarium needs cleaning = akuarium perlu pembersihan

They urge recycling bottles and paper

Mereka mendesak daur ulang botol dan kertas

Yang berhubungan dengan penyelesaian suatu aktivitas

I started smoking when I was young

Saya mulai rokok ketika saya muda

He finished doing his homework = dia selesai lakukan PRnya 

He completed renovating the house

Dia menyelesaikan renovasi rumah

She stopped working at 5 o'clock = dia berhenti kerja pada jam 5

He continued talking = dia melanjutkan berbicara

The government ceased providing free healthcare

Pemerintah berhenti memberikan pengobatan gratis

It's no use trying to escape = tak berguna coba melarikan diri

We resumed talking = kami memulai lagi pembicaraan

They discussed getting a new car

Mereka berdiskusi untuk mendapatkan mobil baru

She practiced singing the song = dia berlatih nyanyi lagu itu

She quit working here = dia berhenti bekerja di sini

The job involves traveling to Japan once a month.

Pekerjaan ini melibatkan bepergian ke Jepang sebulan sekali.

Yang berhubungan dengan proses mental

I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers

Aku ingat pernah membaca tentang gempa di koran

She recollected living in Bandung = Dia teringat tinggal di Bandung

I’ll never forget waiting for the bombs to fall

Aku tidak akan pernah melupakan tunggu bom jatuh

He admitted taking the money (admit to + gerund is possible)

Dia akui ambil uang itu (bisa juga pakai admit to + gerund)

He had to keep smiling so that people would think he was pleased.

Dia harus tetap tersenyum sehingga orang akan berpikir dia senang.

He denied committing the crime = dia menyangkal lakukan kejahatan

Would you mind waiting a moment?

Keberatankah anda tunggu sebentar?

I don’t mind living here = saya tak keberatan tinggal di sini

Do you enjoy teaching? = anda menikmati ngajar?

I appreciated her helping me = Saya menghargai bantuannya pada ku

He reported her stealing the money

Dia melaporkan dia mencuri uang

I don’t anticipate meeting any opposition

saya tidak antisipasi temui suatu pertentangan

He encourages eating healthy foods.

Dia mendorong makan makanan sehat

Sometimes she neglects doing her homework.

Kadang-kadang dia mengabaikan lakukan pekerjaan rumahnya.

I overheard my landlord discussing a rent increase

Aku menguping tuan tanah bahas kenaikan biaya sewa

Yang berhubungan dengan permohonan, janji dan persetujuan

California does not permit smoking in restaurants.

California tidak memberikan izin merokok dalam restoran

 The lawyer defended her making such statements.

Pengacara membela dia membuat pernyataan seperti itu.

They don’t allow parking = mereka tak mengizinkan parkir

Catatan

Kadangkala bisa membuat bingung perbedaan antara gerund dan participle, artinya juga bisa beda

We took a skiing vacation. (a vacation for skiing—gerund)

Kita mengambil suatu liburan ski (liburan untuk main ski)

We saw a skiing monkey. (the monkey who is skiing—participle)

Kita melihat seekor monyet ski (monyet yang main ski)

Untuk itu perlu pemahaman apakah itu compound noun atau bukan?

Jika arti logisnya bisa jadi satu kesatuan berarti gerund, seperti skiing terikat pada vacation, sedangkan tidak terikat pada monkey, kan tak logis ski mainin monyet.

III. Carilah kata-kata yang disebut gerund pada kalimat berikut:

Running every morning is good for health

Writing letter is my hobby

Watching Tv is important

Swimming is excellent exercise

Drinking too much coffee gives him a headache.

It's no use convincing him to revise his lessons. He's so stubborn

I regret promising to help you

He admitted cheating on the test

Smoking damages your health.

Sam tried opening the lock with a paperclip.

She dreaded taking the test.

She forgot reading the book when she was a kid.

The house needs cleaning

I regretted being late to the interview

I remember mentioning the meeting yesterday

He stopped smoking for health reasons.

She can't find a job. She tried looking in the paper, but there was nothing

She tried asking friends and family, but nobody knew of anything.

She also tried going shop to shop, but nobody was hiring.

I don't care for wearing shorts.

Link latihan

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/gerund2b.html#practice1